The plastic surgeon encounters large defects in the perineal region most commonly in male patients following ablation of a recurrent low pelvic tumor. This is observed most often in concert with extensive irradiation of the pelvis. Preoperative consultation with the plastic surgeon is sought most often when the ablative surgeon is not confident that he or she can achieve a closed wound primarily. The oncologic team principally is concerned with separating the pelvic and abdominal cavities, protecting the small bowel from postoperative enteritis problems, preventing postoperative perineal herniation, and obtaining a healed wound primarily. Because this anatomic site is particularly prone to wound healing problems, the cancer surgeon often is concerned with bringing fresh, nonirradiated, vascularized tissue into the region.
Clinical: Perform an overall nutritional assessment, including serum parameters, to determine the patient's suitability for large flap procedure. Assess the degree and nature of the expected perineal wound following cancer ablation; this can be performed most accurately in consultation with the cancer surgeon. In the female patient, this involves anticipated defect of the external genitalia, labia, minora, and majora; the extent of the perineal skin defect; and the extent of total or partial vaginectomy planned. If partial or total perineal proctectomy is performed with the surrounding skin, assess how much skin to remove. If cystectomy is planned or is possible, preoperative involvement of a urologist for planning ileal conduit is essential